| Black Mustard |
| Brassica nigra |
| Family: Brassicaceae (Mustard) |
| Flowers — color: yellow, size: 3/8", type: 4 petals |
The Black Mustard flower has four yellow petals in a cross shape about 3/8". Four stamen and the pistil, all yellow, protrude from the flower's throat, while two shorter stamen remain inside.
One or more clumpy flower clusters stems form on the spreading branches.
Habit:
Black Mustard is a non-native annual that becomes an invasive weed in the coastal sage scrub. A single stem rises and branches many times. It easily reaches six feet tall and may grow larger. The basal leaves along the stem are oblong and have deep notches and teeth. Mid-level leaves have shallower teeeth and small leaves near the top are narrow with smooth edges. Lower leaves have distinct petioles, short stems, while top leaves attach directly to the stem. The stems and foliage tops are not particularly hairy.
Leaves and stems are edible, and seeds are ground for making condiments. The seeds are not large enough to benefit wildlife.
Similar to hoary mustard, a perennial. Black Mustard grows taller and has its main leaves along its stems, while hoary maintains a low rosette of leaves. Black Mustard was legendarily spread by Spanish missionaries through our state.
Observations:
Prefers disturbed sunny areas. Releases chemicals that deter germination of native plants.